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Saarland

 

Contents

Flags

historical Flags

Meaning/Origin of the Flag

Coat of Arms

Meaning/Origin of the Coat of Arms

Map

Numbers and Facts

History

Origin of the Country's Name



Flags

Flagge Fahne flag Saarland Saargebiet Saar Area
since 1957,
Flag of the country,
ratio = 3:5,
Source, by: Wikipedia (D)




Flagge Fahne flag Saarland Saargebiet Saar Area
Flag of the Premier,
ratio = 1:1,
Source, by: Wikipedia (D)



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historical Flags

Flagge Fahne flag Saarland Saargebiet Saar Area
1920–1935,
Flag under French government in the behalf of the League of Nations,
ratio = 3:5,
Source, by: Wikipedia (D)




Flagge Fahne flag Saarland Saargebiet Saar Area
1948–1956,
Flag of the partly autonomous Saarland
ratio = 3:5,
Source, by: Wikipedia (D)



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Meaning/Origin of the Flag

The todays flag of the Saarland was adoped on 1st of January in 1957 in context with the joining to the Federal Republic Germany. It shows the german tricolor with the coat of arms of the country in the middle. As Saar Area – under French government in the behalf of the League of Nations (1919-1935) – the country used blue-white-black tricolor. Its colours came from the then coat of arms. The partly autonomous Saarland used between 1947 and 1957 a blue-red flag with a white Scandinavian cross.

Source: Volker Preuß, Die Welt der Flaggen

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Coat of Arms


Wappen coat of arms Saarland Saargebiet Saar Area
since 1957,
Coat of arms of the Saarland,
Source, by: Wikipedia (D)


Wappen coat of arms Saarland Saargebiet Saar Area Saarland-Zeichen Saarland Sign Symbol
since 2005
Saarland Sign (Symbol, Logo)
Source: www.saarland.de / Public domain, Wikipedia (D)


Wappen coat of arms Saarland Saargebiet Saar Area
1948–1956,
Coat of arms of the partly autonomous Saarland,
Source, by: Wikipedia (D)


Wappen coat of arms Saarland Saargebiet Saar Area
1946–1947,
Coat of arms of Saar Area under French occupation,
Source, by: Der Michel


Wappen coat of arms Saarland Saargebiet Saar Area
1920–1935,
Coat of arms under French government in the behalf of the League of Nations,
Source, by: Wikipedia (D)

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Meaning/Origin of the Coat of Arms

The coat of arms of the Saar Area under French government in the behalf of the League of Nations (since the 20th of January in 1920) was introduced by the international governmental commission on the 28th of July in 1920. It was a combination from parts of several town's scutcheons and showed in the first field a silvery mine-wheel with crossed hammer and mallet on black ground (City of St. Ingbert), in the second field a red rose on silvery ground (City of St.Johann), in the third field a golden sun above a blue cloud on silvery ground (City of Saarlouis), and in the fourth field a silvery lion and four silvery paw-crosses on blue ground (City of Saarbruecken).

As the Saarland was separated from the French Occupation Zone as an own governmental on the 18th of July in 1946, was the scutcheon of Saarbruecken initially in use for the Saarland, however in a some changed type: Those coat of arms was half clefted and divided and showed in the first field a red rose on silvery ground (quarter St. Johann), in the second field two crossed hammers combined with a down pointing black tong everything on silvery ground (quarter Malstatt - Burbach), and in the third (lower) field a silvery lion and four silvery paw-crosses. The actually to the coat of arms of Saarbruecken belonging black and silvery pieced shield border was however leaved out at this coat of arms.

After the introduction of the constitution was inctoduced a new coat of arms for Saarland on 14th of December in 1948 per law. Those coat of arms arised out of a competition. It was orientated in the designing of the as banner hoisted flag of the country, however with a narrow silvery shield border. The shield carryed abov a red bridge-crown.

The today's (on the 1st of January in 1957 introduced) coat of arms shows the heraldic symbols of former country's parts: County of Saarbruecken (white lion on light-blue ground with nine white sharp-foot paw-crosses), Electorate of Trier (red sharpend bar-cross on silvery ground), Duchy of Lothringen (red diagonal bar with three crippled silvery eagles – named Alérions – on golden ground) and Duchy of Palatinate-Zweibruecken (golden lion on black ground).

The use of the coat of arms is reserved for offices and authorities of the country. The Saarland Sign is since 2005 available for private use. It can be used by everyone, but its not allowed to change it.

Source: Volker Preuß, Wikipedia (D), Der Michel, www.saarland.de


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Map

FRG and its countries, clickable map:

Source: Freeware, University of Texas Libraries, modyfied by: Volker Preuß

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Numbers and Facts

Area: 992 square miles

Inhabitants: 990.500 inh. (2018)

Density of Population: 998 inh./sq.mi.

Capital: Saarbruecken, 180.700 inh. (2018)

Currency to May 1921: 1 Mark = 100 Pfennig

Currency 1921–1935: 1 Franc (F) = 100 Centimes

Currency 1945–1947: 1 Reichsmark (RM) = 100 Reichspfennig (Rpf.)

Currency 1947: 1 Saarmark = 100 Pfennig

Currency 1947–1959: 1 Franc (F) = 100 Centimes

Source: Wikipedia (D), Der Michel

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History

1920 · In accordance with the arrangements of the Versailles Dictate gets the from Prussian and Bavarian territories existing Saar region subordinated under the League of Nations, and in its orders administered by France. The coal mines were bequeathed to France.

1935 · after a plebiscite (90% for Germany) re-affiliation of the Saar region to the German Empire

1945 · French occupation, the Saarland comes to the French Occupation Zone (FOZ)

18th of July in 1946 · expansion of the Saarland by 343 sq.m., separation fo the Saarland from the FOZ and incorporation to the French customs and currency zone

8th of June in 1947 · partial cancellation of the expansions (ca. 40%)

17th of December in 1947 · new constitution, the Saarland gets separated from Germany

23rd of April in 1949 · further expansions of territory

23rd of October in 1954 · Saar Statute, planned fixing of the separation of the Saarland from Germany, however after a plebiscite

23rd of October in 1955 · plebiscite, the Saar Statute gets rejected by 67,7%

27th of October in 1956 · Saar Treaty

1st of January in 1957 · joining of the Saarland to the FRG

6th of July in 1959 · economical unification of the Saarland with the FRG (currency and customs union)

Source: Atlas zur Geschichte, Wikipedia (D)

Surf tip for more information (in German): www.saar-nostalgie.de

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Origin of the Country's Name

The name of the country goes back to the river "Saar" (French: Sarre, Latin: Saravus), which flows through the country in the west from south to north. Its source is in Elsass (Alsace).

Source: Volker Preuß

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Kindly supported by: Joachim Schepp (D)