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Kedah

 

Contents

• Flags

• Historical Flags

• Meaning/Origin of the Flag

• Coat of Arms

• Meaning/Origin of the Coat of Arms

• Map

• Map of the Federal States of Malaysia

• Numbers and Facts

• History

• Origin of the Country's Name



Flags

Flagge Fahne flag National flag Kedah
National flag,
ratio = 1:2,
Source, by: Die Welt im bunten Flaggenbild




Flagge Fahne flag Sultan Kedah
Standard of the Sultan,
ratio = 1:2,
Source, by: Die Welt im bunten Flaggenbild


Flagge Fahne flag Premierminister premier Kedah
Flag of the Temenggong (Prime Minister),
ratio = 1:2,
Source, by: Die Welt im bunten Flaggenbild



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Historical Flags

Flagge Fahne flag Kedah
1821–1912,
National flag,
Source, by: Die Welt im bunten Flaggenbild, Wikipedia (EN)




Flagge Fahne flag Kedah Merchant flag merchant
to 1948,
Merchant flag,
Source, by: Die Welt im bunten Flaggenbild



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Meaning/Origin of the Flag

Kedah is a very old state that in early times, probably influenced by Islam, used a solid red flag, which could also go back to the Sultanate of Aceh, on which Kedah was temporarily dependent. From 1821 onwards, a solid red flag appears to have survived, with the silhouette of a leaping tiger in yellow. If the sources are to be trusted, it was apparently used until 1912, when the present model with the national coat of arms in the upper corner was introduced. Then they added a national symbol in the colours yellow und green for differentiation in the upper staff quadrant. The national colours yellow, green and red appeaed in diagonal arrangement also on the merchant flag of the country. The colours are uncommon for Malaysian situations, because yellow (and not white) it the colour of the Sultan and green (and not yellow) is the color of the Temenggong. The symbol of the half-moon is a clear hint for the predominant religion, the Islam. On 1st of April in 1946 the country became a member in the Malay Union. The Malay Union was reorganized in 1948 and converted to the Malay Federation under a British High Commissioner, which reached the independence from United Kingdom in 1957 as the Kingdom of the Malay Federation. In 1963 was the founding of the Kingdom of Malaysia. The from 1948 common politics in foreign affairs and economy made the naval and even the merchant flags of the membering states unnecessary. Red is in the area of the Indian Ocean and the Persian Gulf a traditional flag's colour with close connections to the Islam, because it is the colour of the Sherifs of Mekka, and it is a symbol of the in the eastern Arabia living islamic Chahridshites. Red flags have and had the Arabian Emirates, Oman or also Zanzibar, just as all islamic dynasties, which descent from the Alawites (as well Alides, descentants of Ali → e.g. today's Morokko, former North Yemen).

Source: Die Welt im bunten Flaggenbild, Wikipedia (EN), Die Welt der Flaggen, Flaggen Enzyklopädie

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Coat of Arms


Wappen coat of arms of Kedah
Coat of arms of Kedah,
Source, by: Wikipedia (EN)

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Meaning/Origin of the Coat of Arms

The coat of arms of Kedah shows a single-coloured shield (symbol of power), usually in gold and with the name of the country in Arabic Jawi characters on a silvery ribbon (there are also reproductions on which the band with the name of the state is just omitted), and below it a crescent, the symbol of Islam, surrounded by a wreath of Padi Grain spikes, symbolizing the fertility of the country.

Source: Die Welt im bunten Flaggenbild, Flaggen Enzyklopädie

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Map

Location:
Größere Karte anzeigen

Position on the Malay Peninsula:


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Map of the Federal States of Malaysia

clickable Map
interaktive Landkarte
Map: Volker Preuß, to Malaysia? → click or tap here

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Numbers and Facts

Area: 3.639 square miles

Inhabitants: 2.131.427 (2020), thereof 76 % Malay, 13 % Chinese, 7 % Indian

Religions: 77 % Muslim, 14 % Buddhist, 6 % Hindu, 1 % Christian

Density of Population: 586 inh./sq.mi.

Capital: Alor Setar, 116.624 inh. (2010)

official Language: Malaysian

other Languages: Chinese, English

Currency: Malaysian currency

Time Zone: GMT + 8 h

Source: Wikipedia (EN)

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History

7th–11th cent. · to the Shrividjaja Empire

11th cent. · first mention of a state of Kadaram (Kedah) in the region

12th cent. · Islamisation

14th-15th cent. · to the empire of Siam

15th cent. · Conquest by Malacca

17th cent. · Portuguese attacks, Kedah temporarily comes under the control of the Sultanate of Aceh

1786 · the Sultan of Kedah hands over the island of Penang to the British, as a guarantee of protection against Siam

1800 · the British establish in the today's Butterworth a colony (since 1867 as 'Wellesley' to the Straits Settlements), beginning British influence in Kedah

1821 · Siamese troops occupy Kedah and annex it to their empire as "Syburi"

1842 · Siam separates Perlis from Kedah as a principality, from 1843 ruled by a Rajah from the House of Kedah

1896 · Kedah and Perlis are united to form the Siamese province of "Monthon Syburi"

1909 · Anglo-Siamese Treaty, the present-day border between Malaysia and Thailand is created, as Siam cedes Kedah, Kelantan, Perlis and Terengganu to United Kingdom and combines these countries in 1914 with Johor to form the "Non-Federated Malay States"

1941-1943 · occupied by Japanese Troops

1943–1945 · annexed to Thailand

1st of April 1946 · creation of the Malaysian Union by confederation of the Malaysian Sultanates (British protectorates) and the Straits Settlements (British crown colonies), however without Singapore

1948 · re-organization of the Malaysian Union, creation of the Malaysian Federation under a British High Commissioner

31st of August 1957 · independence and proclamation of the Kingdom of Malaysian Federation

16th of September 1963 · proclamation of the Kingdom of Malaysia

Source: Atlas zur Geschichte, Wikipedia (D), Discovery '97

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Origin of the Country's Name

The state of Kedah and also its name is very old, it was already mentioned in the 2nd century in a Tamil poem as "Kadaram", in Indian literature the country was known at different times under the name "Kataha". The state name was probably first mentioned as "Kedah" in 1136, when King Phra Ong Mahawangsa converted to Islam and adopted the name Sultan Mudzafar Shah.

Source: Wikipedia (EN)

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