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Kokand

 

Contents

Flags

Meaning/Origin of the Flag

Map

Numbers and Facts

History

Origin of the Country's Name



Flags

Flagge Fahne flag Khanat Kokand Kokan Khuqand Farghana Fergana
18th–19th cent.,
Flag of the Chanate of Kokand,
Source, by: World Statesmen




Flagge Fahne flag Khanat Kokand Kokan Khuqand Farghana Fergana
1917–1920,
Flag of the Chanate of Kokand,
ratio = 2:3,
Source, by: World Statesmen



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Meaning/Origin of the Flag

Kokand used a single-coloured red flag. Red is a flag color with a great tradition and wide dissemination in the islamic world, from Turkey over Turkestan to the coasts of Arabia, over Zansibar to the Maldives, which stands in dense context to the islam. Red flags had and have all islamic dynasties, which come from the Alawites (Alides, descentants of Ali) like today Morokko or former North Yemen, the Arabian Emirates and Oman. Moreover is red the colour of Omar, the second calif. In the short phase of the independence as an autonomous state was in use a horizontal striped red-blue flag with half-moon and star in the middle, the symbol of Islam but even of the Turks. Red is the traditional flag-colour of the country, blue is the colour of the Turk nations and Tatars.

Source: World Statesmen, Volker Preuß

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Map

Turkistan about 1870:

Source: Freeware, University of Texas Libraries, modyfied by: Volker Preuß

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Numbers and Facts

Area: 38.610 square miles

Inhabitants: ca. 1.500.000 (1850, estimated value)

Capital: Kokand

official Languages: Uzbek, Turkmen

other Languages: Toijik, Kirghiz

Source: World Statesmen, Wikipedia (D)

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History

antiquity · settlement by Iranian nations

5th century A.D. · immigration of Turk nations

8th century · Arabian conquest, islamization

10th–11th century · part of the Maverannah State (Transoxania) under the Samanids

11th century · conquest by the Selchuks

1220 · conquest by the Mongols under Dshingis Khan and his successors

14th century · invasions of Timur

8th of April 1369 · Timur becomes Emir of Transoxania with royal seat in Samarkand

1500 · conquest by the Uzbeks, to the Chanate of Bukhara

ca. 1710 · the Uzbek Shah-Rukh establishes the Chanate of Kokand by separation of Fergana Valley from the Chanate of Bukhara

1758 · Kokand becomes a vassal of China

1800–1826 · bigest deployment of power of the Chanate of Kokand

1841–1842 · conquest by Bukhara, the troops of Bukhara become indeed banished, but the country becomes a vassal of Bukhara

1865 · conquest and annexation of Tashkent by Russia

1868 · invasion by Russian troops, Kokand becomes a vassal of Russia

July 1875 · Hudayar Khan becomes banished, end of dynasty

19th of February 1876 · Russia annexes Kokand, incorporation into the General Gouvernement of Turkestan

1917 · bolshevist coup d’état in Russia

1917–1920 · civil war

11th of December 1917 · autonomous State of Kokand

1920 · conquest by troops of Soviet Russia, annexation to the Turkestanian Autonomous Soviet Republic

27th of October 1924 · annexation to Soviet Uzbekistan

5th of Dezember 1929 · parts of Fergana Valley become annexed to Soviet Tajikistan

Source: World Statesmen, Wikipedia (D), Discovery '97

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Origin of the Country's Name

The name "Kokand" is derived from the same-named town. Sometimes the country was called after the landscape in which it is placed: "Fergana".

Source: Volker Preuß

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