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Moldova

• Republic of Moldova
• presidial republic
• own name: Republica Moldova
• other names: Bessarabia, Moldavia

Contents

• Flags

• Historical Flags

• regional Flags

• Meaning/Origin of the Flag

• Coat of Arms

• Historical Coats of Arms

• Meaning/Origin of the Coat of Arms

• Aircraft Roundel

• Map

• Numbers and Facts

• History

• Origin of the Country's Name

Flags

National, state and merchant flag,
ratio = 1:2,
Source, by: Wikipedia (EN)





Flag of the President,
ratio = 1:1,
Source, by: Wikipedia (EN)

Historical Flags

14th–15th century,
Flag of the Principality of Moldavia,
Source, by: Flags of the World, Wikipedia (EN)





18th/19th century,
Country's colours of the Principality of Moldavia,
Source, by: Flags of the World





1917–1918,
Flag of the Moldovan Democratic Republic,
Source, by: Wikipedia (EN)





1925–1938,
Flag of Moldovan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic,
ratio = 1:2,
Source, by: World Statesmen





1938,
Flag of Moldovan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic,
ratio = 1:2,
Source, by: World Statesmen





1938–1940,
Flag of Moldovan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic,
ratio = 1:2,
Source, by: World Statesmen





1940–1952,
Flag of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic,
ratio = 1:2,
Source, by: World Statesmen





1952–1991,
Flag of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic,
ratio = 1:2,
Source, by: World Statesmen

regional Flags

since 1995,
Flag of the Autonomous Republic of Gagauzia,
ratio = 1:2,
Source, by: Wikipedia (EN)
more Info? click or tap here





since 1991 (Secession),
national and state flag of Transnistria,
ratio = 1:2,
Source, by: Flags of the World
more Info? click or tap here

Meaning/Origin of the Flag

The today's flag of Moldova was hoisted for the first time on the 6th of November in 1990. It shows three vertical stripes in blue, yellow and red with the coat of arms of the state in the yellow middle field. Actually are blue and red the historical Moldovan national colours, which go back to the Principality of Moldova. They have their roots in the historic coat of arms of the country. The colours of the flag are laid down per law since 2010. They are given as follows: Blue = Pantone 293, Yellow = Pantone 109, Red = Pantone 186. The conspicuous similarity of the today's flag of Moldova with the flag of Romania is intended. The Moldovans are Romanians and speak a Romanian dialect.

Source: Wikipedia (EN), Flags of the World, Volker Preuß

Coat of Arms

Coat of arms of Moldova,
Source, by: Wikipedia (EN)

Historical Coats of Arms

1878,
Escutcheon of the Russian Governorate of Bessarabia,
Source, by: Wikipedia (EN)



1917–1918,
Coat of Arms of the Moldovan Democratic Republic,
Source, by: Wikipedia (EN)



1927–1938,
Coat of Arms of the Moldovan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic,
Source: Wikipedia (EN), not credited,
Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons



1938–1940,
Coat of Arms of the Moldovan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic,
Source: Wikipedia (EN), not credited,
Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons



1940–1941,
Coat of Arms of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic,
Source: Wikipedia (EN), : Pianistmodifications: TilmannR,
Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons



1941–1990,
Coat of Arms of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic,
Source: Wikipedia (EN), : Fry1989, Jam123modifications: TilmannR,
Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Meaning/Origin of the Coat of Arms

The on 13th of July in in 1990 introduced coat of arms shows an eagle with a golden crucifix in the beak. In its claws it holds a golden scepter and an oil-twig. The chest-shield is above red with a golden star and below blue with a rose and a crescent. In the middle a golden head of an ox. Pattern for the coat of arms is the Romanian eagle.

Source: Wikipedia (EN), Volker Preuß

Aircraft Roundel

Aircraft Roundel,
Source, by: Wikipedia (EN)

Map

Location:

Source: CIA World Factbook

Map of the country:

Source: CIA World Factbook

Numbers and Facts

Area: 13.067 square miles

Inhabitants: 2.600.000 inh. (2020), thereof 82% Moldovans (Romanians), 6% Ukrainians, 4% Russians, 4% Gagauzians, 2% Bulgarians, uand furthermore 900 Germans

Religions: 90% Othodox Christians, 1% Roman Catholic

Density of Population: 199 inh./sq.mi.

Capital: Kishinau (Rom.: Chisinău, Russ.: Kishinyov), 532.513 inh. (2014)

official Language: Moldovan Romanian

other Languages: Russian, Ukrainian, Gagauzian

Currency: 1 Moldova Lei (MDL) = 100 Bani

Time Zone: GMT + 2 h

Source: Wikipedia (D)

History

1061–1240 · the area is a part of the Empire of the Kumans

1359 · foundation of the Romanian Principality of Moldavia between the Carpathia Mountains and the Dnjestr River

1387 · dependence from Poland-Lithuania

1455 · the Principality of Moldavia becomes subject to tribute to the Ottoman Empire

1511 · Moldavia becomes annexed by the Ottoman Empire under limited internal autonomy

1775 · ceding of the Buchenland (Bukovina) to Austria

1806–1812 · Russian-Turkish War

1812 · Peace of Bucarest, the eastern part of the Romanian Principality of Moldavia (between the rivers Prut and Dnjestr) comes under the name Bessarabia to Russia

1853–1856 · Crimean War, transient occupation by Austrian troops, Bessarabia remains at Russia

1861 · the Romanian residual area of the Principality of Moldavia (between the Carpathia Mountains and the Prut River) unites with Wallachia to the Principality of Romania

1914–1918 · First World War, Romania is enlisted in the war since 1916 on the side of the Entente

1917 · Bolshevist revolution in Russia, civil war, proclamation of the Moldovan Democratic Republic

9th of April 1918 · annexation of Bessarabia by the Kingdom of Romania

1919/1920 · Peace of Saint Germain and Peace of Trianon, Romania receives officially Bessarabia, the eastern Banat, Bukovina and Siebenburgen

1924 · foundation of the Moldovan Autonomous Socialistic Soviet Republic (Transnistria) on the territory of the Soviet Ukraine

1939–1945 · Second World War: 1940 the Soviet Union forces Romania to cede Bessarabia, the southern part of the country becomes separated and annexed by the Soviet Ukraine, the northern part becomes annexed to the Moldovan Autonomous Socialistic Soviet Republic and they proclaimed the Moldovan Socialistic Soviet Republic, 1941 Romania is able to occupy Bessarabia again and annexes the area to the Southern Bug River, 1944 Bessarabia becomes occupied by Soviet troops

1947 · Peace Treaty of Paris, Romania recognizes the soviet annexations and the subsistence of the Moldovan Socialistic Soviet Republic

1989 · riots

1990 · proclamation of the Republic of Gagauzia, civil war

27th of August 1991 · proclamation of the independence of the Republic of Moldova from Soviet Union, civil war, separation of the Dnjestr-Republic (Transnistria)

1994 · in a referendum the unification with Romania becomes rejected, Gagauzia becomes recognized as republic within Moldova

Source: Atlas zur Geschichte, Wikipedia (D), World Statesmen

Origin of the Country's Name

The name Moldova (Moldavia, Moldau) has its roots in the name of the now in the Northeast of Romania situated Moldova River (Moldau). It was the name-patron for the historic Principality of Moldavia. The name Bessarabia has nothing to do with Arabia. It has its roots in the family's dynasty of the Bessarab.

Source: Volker Preuß