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Ukraine

 

Contents

today's Flags

historical Flags

regional Flags

Meaning/Origin of the Flag

Coat of Arms

Meaning/Origin of the Coat of Arms

Aircraft Roundel

Map

Numbers and Facts

History

Origin of the Country's Name



today's Flags

Flagge Fahne flag Nationalflagge Staatsflagge Handelsflagge Kriegsflagge national flag state flag merchant flag war flag Ukraine Ukrayina Ukraina
since 2006,
National flag,
ratio = 2:3,
Source, by: Flags of the World





Flagge Fahne flag Ukraine Ukrayina Ukraina
unofficial flag with coat of arms,
ratio = 2:3,
Source, by: Flags of the World




Flagge Fahne flag Marine Marineflagge navy naval Ukraine Ukrayina Ukraina
since 2006,
Naval flag,
ratio = 2:3,
Source, by: Flags of the World




Flagge Fahne flag Gösch naval jack Ukraine Ukrayina Ukraina
Naval jack,
ratio = 2:3,
Source, by: Flags of the World, Foto




Flagge fahne flag army armed forces Streitkräfte Ukraine Ukrayina Ukraina
Flag of the Armed Forces,
ratio = 2:3,
Source, by: Flags of the World




Flagge Fahne flag Grenzschutz Border Patrol Ukraine Ukrayina Ukraina
Flag of the Border Guard,
ratio = 2:3,
Source, by: Flags of the World




Flagge Fahne flag Küstenwache Coast Guard Ukraine Ukrayina Ukraina
Flag of the Coast Guard,
ratio = 2:3,
Source, by: Flags of the World




Flagge Fahne flag Präsident president Ukraine Ukrayina Ukraina
Flag of the President,
ratio = 1:1,
Source, by: Wikipedia (DE)



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historical Flags

Flagge Fahne flag Ukraine Ukrayina Ukraina
1848,
unofficial flag,
Source, by: Flags of the World




Flagge Fahne flag Ukraine Ukrayina Ukraina
1917–1918,
National flag of the Ukrainian People's Republic,
Source, by: Flags of the World




Flagge Fahne flag Ukraine Ukrayina Ukraina
1918,
Flag of the Ukrainian State,
ratio = 2:3,
Source, by: Wikipedia (EN)




Flagge Fahne flag Sowjet Soviet Ukraine
1917–1919,
Flag of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
ratio = 1:2,
Source, by: World Statesmen




Flagge Fahne flag Sowjet Soviet Ukraine
1919–1937,
Flag of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic,
ratio = 1:2,
Source, by: World Statesmen




Flagge Fahne flag Sowjet Soviet Ukraine
1937–1949,
Flag of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic,
ratio = 1:2,
Source, by: World Statesmen




Flagge Fahne flag Sowjet Soviet Ukraine
1949–1992,
Flag of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic,
ratio = 1:2,
Source, by: World Statesmen



look also:
Flag history of the soviet republics of the USSR



Flagge Fahne flag Ukraine Ukrayina Ukraina
1991–1992,
unofficial flag,
ratio = 1:2,
Source, by: Wikipedia (EN)




Flagge Fahne flag Ukraine Ukrayina Ukraina
1992–2006,
National, state, merchant and war flag,
ratio = 2:3,
Source, by: Wikipedia (EN)




Flagge Fahne flag Marine Marineflagge navy naval Ukraine
1992–1997,
naval flag,
ratio = 1:2,
Source, by: Flags of all Nations
Ministry of Defence, UK, 1999




Flagge Fahne flag Marine Marineflagge navy naval Ukraine
1997–2006,
naval flag,
ratio = 2:3,
Source, by: Wikipedia (EN)



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Regional Flag

Flagge Fahne flag Oblast District Bezirk Donezk Donetsk
Flag of the District (Oblast) of Donetsk,
Source, by: Flags of the World



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Meaning/Origin of the Flag

The today’s flag of Ukraine was introduced for the first time on 29th of April in 1918, and re-introduced on 28st of January in 1992. It shows two horizontal stripes in blue and yellow. The pale blue stands for the heaven and the golden yellow for the wheat fields of the country. Yellow and blue are the national colours of Ukraine. They have their roots in a very old coat of arms of Galicia, which showed a golden lion on blue ground. A flag with this symbolism was adoped in the year 1848 and became showed on the Slavic congress in Prague. Shortly afterwards, however, the Supreme Council adopted the gold and blue striped flag as its symbol. After the Russian revolution of 1905 arised in the Ukraine blue-yellow and yellow-blue striped flags. After the farmer's revolt of 1917 was officially adoped a yellow-blue striped flag. It showed the stripes in the heraldic correct sequence, yellow over blue. After a coup d’état in the year 1918 the colours became inverted and in this way was adoped the today’s flag. After the Russian bolschevists conquered the Ukraine to the year 1919, was immediately established an Ukrainian soviet republic, which became founding component of the Soviet Union in 1922. It used the typical red flags with the initials of the soviet republic in the upper staff quadrant, since 1937 completed by hammer and sickle. In the year 1949 was adoped a new flag for the Ukrainian Soviet Republic. It showed two horizontal stripes in red and blue in ratio 2:1 and in the upper staff quadrant of the big red field hammer, sickle and star. After the end of the Soviet Union in 1991 arised the blue-yellow flag again and it became officially re-introduced on 28st of January in 1992. The colours were last defined by law in 2006. The specification is: Blue = 2935 c, yellow = Pantone Yellow 012 c. In previous years, flags with a lighter blue, sky blue, were in use.

Source: Flaggen-Atlas Erde, Flaggen und Wappen der Welt, Flaggen Enzyklopädie, Volker Preuß

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Coat of Arms


Wappen coat of arms Ukraine Ukrayina Ukraina
Coat of arms of Ukraine,
Source, by: Alex Khristov, Public domain,
via Wikimedia Commons


Wappen coat of arms Ukraine Ukrayina Ukraina
Coat of arms of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic,
Source, by: Unknown, Public domain,
via Wikimedia Commons

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Meaning/Origin of the Coat of Arms

The small coat of arms of Ukraine shows a blue golden bordered shield with a yellow trident (ukrain.: Trizub). This symbol was already in use on coins of the Rus of Kiev about the year 1000. The trident is disputed, from there was it adoped only for the small coat of arms by decree of the president in the year 1992. A big coat of arms hitherto was not introduced.

Source: Flaggen und Wappen der Welt

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Aircraft Roundel


Flugzeugkokarde Kokarde aircraft roundel Ukraine
Aircraft Roundel,
Source, by: Wikipedia (EN)

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Map


Source: CIA World Factbook, modyfied by: Volker Preuß

interaktive Landkarte / clickable Map
The Ukraine, its Landscapes and Neighbours,
Source: Freeware, University of Texas Libraries, modyfied by: Volker Preuß

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Numbers and Facts

Area: 222.664 square miles

Inhabitants: 36.750.000 (2023), thereof 85 % Ukrainians, 10 % Russians, 0,8 % Romanians (Moldovans), 0,6 % Belorussians, 0,4 % Bulgarians, 0,3 % Hungarians, 0,3 % Polish, 0,2 % Germans, 0,2 % Armenians

Religions: 75 % Ukrainian and Russian Orthodox, 4 % Muslim, 2,7 % Katholiken, 2,4 % Protestant, 5 % Non-Religious

Density of Population: 195 inh./sq.mi.

Capital: Kiev (Kyjiv) 4.600.000 inh.

official Language: Ukrainian, partially also Russian

Currency: 1 Hriven (Hryvnia, UAH) = 100 Kopeks

Time Zone: GMT + 3 h

Source: Wikipedia (DE)

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History

antiquity · tribes of the Eastern Slavs settle – coming from the Northern Carpathian Area – in the region northern the Black Sea

since 800 · Swedish Normans, so named Varegers, invade over the rivers Memel (Neman), Western Dvina, Neva and Volchov into the environment of the Eastern Slavs

862 · the Vareger Rjurik conquers the town of Nowgorod, the local Slavonic tribe of the Slovenes levies Rjurik to the "Prince of Novgorod", that establishes in this way the Rus of Novgorod, a Norman feudal state, and the until 1598 ruling Rjurik Dynasty

862–880 · the Varegers reach the Dnjepr River and advance to south

ca. 882 · the Varegers Askold and Dir conquer Kiev and establish the Rus of Kiev, a further Norman feudal state, the Vareger Oleg, successor of Rjurik, aims for the unification of Novgorod and Kiev

882 · unification of Kiev and Novgorod, establishment of the Empire of Kiev

911 · Oleg advances along Dnjepr River to the Black Sea and beleaguered successfully Constantinople – the capital of the Byzantian Empire, making of a trade treaty with Byzantium

962–973 · reign of Svjatoslav in the Empire of Kiev, campaigns against the Slavonic tribes of the Vjatitshes, Wolynians and Drevljans, as well as against Chasars and Volga Bulgarians

988 · Vladimir the Saint introduces the Christianity

1019–1054 · reign of Yaroslav the Wise, the Empire of Kiev evolves its greatest power and dilation, in the north to the White Sea, in the East to the rivers Northern Dvina, Sukhona, Volga, Oka, Don, in the south to the Black Sea, in the west to the Carpathia Mountains and nearly to the Weichsel River, as well as to the today’s eastern border of the Baltic states

ca. 1050–1150 · the people of Kumans conquers the south of the Empire of Kiev, loss of accession to the Black Sea, decay of trading, beginning disintegration of the empire

ca. 1150 · the Empire of Kiev disintegrates in several states, the most important: Principality of Vladimir-Wolynia in the west, Rus of Novgorod in the northwest, and Principality of Vladimir-Susdal in the northeast, Galitsh and Kiev in the south, Murom-Rjasan in the east

1237 · arrival of the Mongols, fall of Rjasan

1237–1238 · conquest of Vladimir-Susdal by the Mongols

1240 · conquest of Kiew, Wladimir-Wolynia and Galitsh by the Mongols

1350–1365 · conquest of Wolynia, Polodlia, Galitsh (Galicia) and Kiev (Ukraine) by Poland

1648 · riotings against the Polish rule, establishment of an Ukrainian Cossack state

1654 · the Eastern Ukraine becomes ceded from Poland to Russia and becomes a Russian province

1772 · First Polish Division, to counteract the growing Russian influence in the Polish state protect Austria and Prussia broad Polish territories against the Russian pounce by its annexation, Prussia annexes West Prussia, Ermland, Pommerellen (without Danzig), the Kulm Country, the northern Kuyavia and the Netze Area, Austria annexes Galicia, the southern parts of the Districts of Krakau and Sandomir, the District of Reussen with Lemberg, Russia annexes all Polish territory eastern the Duena River and the Dnjepr River, in the afteryears the conditions in the country become conspicuously better, but the Confederation of Magnats (nobilitie's assembly) of Targowica in the year 1792 calls for Russian support

1793 · Second Polish Division, to counteract the growing Russian influence in the Polish state again protects Prussia once more broad Polish territories against the Russian pounce by its annexation, Prussia annexes Great Poland (South Prussia) and Danzig, Russia annexes the Ukraine, Eastern Polesia and Eastern Wolynia, as a result of that in 1794 occurs the national people's revolt under Tadeusz Kosciuszko which was especially orientated against the Russians and the pro-Russian aristocracy, once more political, economical and cultural decline

1795 · Third Polish Division, to counteract the more growing Russian influence in the Polish state again protect Prussia ans Austria once more broad Polish territories against the Russian pounce by its annexation, Prussia annexes New East Prussia (Masovia and parts of Lithuania), Austria annexes Little Poland (Western Galicia), Russia annexes all the remained Polish territory (Western Polesia and Western Wolynia, Lithuania and Kurland), the existence of the Polish state finished

12th of March 1917 · civil "Februar Revolution" in Russia

15th of March 1917 · resignation of Tsar Nikolaus II., end of monarchy, formation of a provisional government of the Republic of Russia under Prince Georgij Jevgenyewitsh Lvov, later under Alexander Fyodorowitsh Kerenskij

March 1917 · anarchistic farmer's revolt in Ukraine, it separates from Russia and declares its independence

7th of November 1917 · bolshevist coup d’état ("October Revolution"), communists under W.I.Lenin seize the Power

February to May 1918 · First World War (1914–1918), because the Bolshevists retarded the signing of the Peace of Brest-Litovsk, German and Austria-Hungaryn troops occupied large parts of Belarus, Ukraine and Russia, ca. to the rivers Don, Donez, Sejm, Dnjepr and Velikaya

29th of May 1918 · military coup d’état in the Ukraine

11th of November 1918 · end of the First World War, the German and Austrian troops withdraw from Ukraine

1918–1919 · war of Soviet Russia against Ukraine, estblishment of the Soviet power, deportations to Sibiria, the Ukraine becomes the Ukrainian Socialistic Soviet Republic

30th of December 1922 · founding of the Soviet Union (USSR), combination of the Soviet Republics of Russia (RSFSR), Belarus (White Russia), Ukraine and of the Transcaucasian Federation

1932–1933 · collectivization of farming, famine, death of ca. 3,5 millions of Ukrainians (Holodomor)

1941–1944 · occupied by German troops in the Second World War, Ukrainian fight in large numbers within the Soviet troops against the Germans, but some Ukrainians (ca. 300.000) hoped for a liberation from Russia and from the bolshevism and fought within the lines of the German War Might, or within special units by the hands of the German Empire

24th of October 1945 · Founding member of the United Nations (UNO)

1944–1947 · expulsion of nearly all Polish out of the Ukraine (ca. 1.000.000), settlement of from Poland expulsed Ukrainians (ca. 400.000)

1944–1947 · anti-soviet partisan war

1954 · Crimea peninsula becomes annexed to Ukraine

16th of July 1990 · the Ukraine declares its sovereignty

24th of August 1991 · the Ukraine declares its independence

8th of December 1991 · Russia, Ukraine and Belarus (White Russia) establish the "Commonwealth of Independent States" (CIS)

21st of December 1991 · joining of all former Soviet Republics of the USSR to the CIS (except Georgia), irrevocable end of the Soviet Union

1994 · elections, special status for Crimea

1996 · constitution for Crimea, it becomes an autonomous republic

January 2014 · coup (not constitutionally compliant change of power), riots

16th of March in 2014 · referendum in the Republic of Crimea, an overwhelming majority votes in favor of a connection to Russia, on 18th of March the parliament of Crimea decides the affiliation to Russia, on 20th of March the parliament of Russia decides the affiliation of the Republic of Crimea to the Russian Federation

7th of April in 2014 · proclamation of the (Russian) Republic of Donetsk in Donbass Area, later also of the Republics of Luhansk, Kharkiv and Odessa

11th of May in 2014 · referendums in the Republics of Luhansk and Donetsk confirm the sovereignty of the republics by a large majority

February 2022 · Russia invades Ukraine and starts a war, virtually as an escalation of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict in the Donbass region that has been simmering since 2014

30th of September in 2022 · annexation of the Republics of Luhansk and Donetsk and the Kherson and Zaporizhzhya Oblasts to the Russian Federation

Source: Atlas zur Geschichte, World Statesmen, Die Völker der Erde, Avantgarde für Europa, Weltgeschichte, Wikipedia (D)

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Origin of the Country's Name

The name Ukraine is derived from the Russian expression "u kraijna", what means "at the border". The Ukraine is the "border land".

Source: Handbuch der geographischen Namen

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