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- Mosquito Coast, or Mosquitia, or Costa de Mosquitos
- the English speaking Caribbean Coast of Nicaragua with partial autonomy
• Flag
• Historical Flags
• Meaning/Origin of the Flag
• Coat of Arms
• Map
• Numbers and Facts
• History
• Origin of the Country's Name
The Mosquito Coast has not (more) an own flag. The country is divided between Honduras and Nicaragua, and within Nicaraguas further in the two autonomous regions Costa Caribe Norte and Costa Caribe Sur. Officially is here in use the flag of Nicaragua. The two autonomous regions have their own flags.
Nicaragua:
National, state, merchant and naval flag,
ratio = 3:5,
Source, by: Flags of the World
Región Autónoma de la Costa Caribe Norte:
Flag of the autonomous region,
ratio = 3:5,
Source, by: Vrysxy, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Región Autónoma de la Costa Caribe Sur:
Flag of the autonomous region,
ratio = 2:3,
Source, by: Vrysxy, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Mosquito Coast:
Flag of National Movement,
ratio = 3:5(?),
Source, by: Flags of the World
1834–1860,
Flag of the Kingdom of Mosquito Coast,
ratio = 1:2,
Source, by: Flags of the World
1860–1894(?),
Flag of the Kingdom of Mosquito Coast (variant),
ratio = 1:2,
Source, by: Flags of the World
1860–1894(?),
Flag of the Kingdom of Mosquito Coast (variant),
ratio = 3:5,
Source, by: Flags of the World
The flag showed in principle blue and white stripes and in the upper staff quadrant the flag of the respective protection power (to 1860 United Kingdom, since 1861 Nicaragua).
Source: Volker Preuß
Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Königreichs Mosquito Coast,
Source: Flags of the World
Position of the Mosquito Coast, ca. 1849:
Map: Volker Preuß
since 1987:
Map: Volker Preuß
Area: 1860: ca. 20.173 sq.mi., 2021: 23.296 sq.mi.
Inhabitants: 1860: ca. 20.000 inh., 2021: 962.124 inh.
historical Main Place: Bluefields, 1860: 600 inh., 2005: 45.547 inh.
Capitals of the autonomous Regions:
Región Autónoma de la Costa Caribe Norte: → Bilwi,
Región Autónoma de la Costa Caribe Sur: → Bluefields
official Language: Spanish
other Languages: English
Currency: Nicaraguan currency
Time Zone: GMT – 6 h
Source:
Pierer's Universal-Lexikon,
Meyers Konversationslexikon,
1.) Wikipedia (EN),
2.) Wikipedia (EN),
Wikipedia (DE)
1502 · Columbus discovers the Mosquito Coast
1523 · unsuccessful attempt of Spanish conquest and colonization by Hernández de Córdoba, the Mosquito Coast proves as sultry, hot and swampy, the Mosquito Indians do embittered resistance
1535 · establishment of the Vice Kingdom of New Spain, which Central America (and therewith de facto the today's Mosquito Coast) gets affiliated as "General Capitanate of Guatemala"
1630 · first British settlement near the coast
1655 · the Mosquito Indians subordinate themselves the British protection for perpetuation of their independence against Spain but make also alliances with pirates which use that coast as hideout (Buccaneer)
1661 · establishment of the Kingdom of Mosquitia (Kingdom of the Mosquito Indians)
1668 (by other sources in 1678) · United Kingdom subordinates officially the Kingdom of Mosquitia its protection
18th cent. · the protection of the Kingdom of Mosquitia is ensured from British-Honduras
1787 · withdrawal of the British troops
1789–1800 · attempts of Spanish settlement near the coast
19th cent. · Spain, USA, Honduras and Nicaragua claim the Mosquito Coast
1841 · renewal of the British protectorate over the Kingdom of Mosquitia
1848 · the Kingdom of Mosquitia captures with British support the town San Juan del Norte (Greytown), the place becomes ceded to Nicaragua because of protests of the USA which saw endangered its interests in an interoceanic canal
1850 · Clayton-Bulwer Treaty between United Kingdom and the USA, both countries renounce for further territorial purchasea and guarantee the neutrality of a coming interoceanic canal, United Kingdom has to terminate its protectorate over Mosquitia
1859 · United Kingdom tranfers it protectorate over the Kingdom of Mosquitia to Honduras, riotings under the Mosquito Indians
28th of January 1860 · Treaty of Managua, United Kingdom transfers the Protectorate over the Kingdom of Mosquitia to Nicaragua in guaranty of its forth autonomy, Honduras keeps the parts of the Mosquito Coast northern the Coco River
1864 · Nicaragua recognizes no more the King of Mosquitia and attempts to interfere the affairs of the Mosquito Coast, in the following years arise riots
1880 · the Emperor of Austria which was destined as arbitrator confirms the rights of the Mosquito Indians
6th of July 1894 · the President of Nicaraguas José Santos Zelaya lets invade troops of the USA in Bluefields
20th of November 1894 · the Mosquito Indians renounce "voluntary" for their autonomy rights, the Kingdom of Mosquitia ends and the Mosquito Coast becomes annexed to Nicaragua as Departemento Zelaya, but the Mosquito Indians preserve until today their culture and language (English)
1960 · the International Court of Law confirms the ownership of Honduras in parts of the Mosquito Coast, termination of the frontier quarrels between Honduras and Nicaragua
1987 · Nicaragua grants the Mosquito Coast a limited autonomy again, but the country becomes divided in two regions: Región Autónoma de la Costa Caribe Norte and Región Autónoma de la Costa Caribe Sur
Source:
Atlas zur Geschichte,
World Statesmen,
Wikipedia (EN)
The name "Mosquito Coast" has nothing to do with insects. It has its roots in the name of the tribe of the Misquito Indians which belong to the nation of the Chibcha Indians. In the course of the centuries there was at the Misquito a potent mixture with escaped black slaves and their descendants, so that they are represent themselves today with a very dark skin color. Their kingdom the Misquito named "Mosquitia". By the Spanish they were and they are named "Mosquito" or "Misquito" or just "Mosco". The English named and name them "Mosquito", a denomination which is today generally in use.
Source:
Handbuch der geographischen Namen,
Wikipedia (DE),
Volker Preuß
